Category: 298-12-4

Chemical Research Letters, May 2021. In classical electrochemical theory, both the electron transfer rate and the adsorption of reactants at the electrode control the electrochemical reaction. In an article, author is Hamada, K, once mentioned the application of 298-12-4, Name is 2-Oxoacetic acid, molecular formula is C2H2O3, molecular weight is 74.0355, MDL number is MFCD00006958, category is benzisoxazole. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category, Recommanded Product: 2-Oxoacetic acid.

Contrasting effects of zonisamide and acetazolamide on amygdaloid kindling in rats

Purpose: Zonisamide (ZNS) and acetazolamide (AZM) are two antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) that differ in clinical efficacy. To elucidate the mechanisms of action of these compounds, we investigated their therapeutic and prophylactic effects in rats by using a kindling model of partial epilepsy. Methods: Electrodes were implanted into the left amygdala of adult male Wistar rats. The animals were stimulated at the afterdischarge threshold until Five stage 5 seizures were induced. The generalized seizure threshold was then determined. Therapeutic effects were examined in rats manifesting successive convulsions with near-threshold stimulation. To test prophylactic effects, drugs were administered intraperitoneally before daily kindling stimulation until the animal had a stage 5 seizure or reached day 18. Results: ZNS (10-40 mg/kg; n = 6) suppressed kindled seizures in a dose-dependent manner. Repeated administration for 7 days produced tolerance to anticonvulsive effects. AZM (25-200 mg/kg; n = 7) showed limited therapeutic effect, alleviating only the clonic convulsion in stage 5 seizures and reducing afterdischarge duration. Secondary generalization was not significantly suppressed during repeated treatment (50-200 mg/kg; n = 6). ZNS, 25 or 40 mg/kg (n = 8), significantly retarded seizure development; 15.0 or 17.0 daily stimulations were required to produce a stage 5 seizure. AZM, 50-200 mg/ kg (n = 6), also retarded seizure development, with 14.0-14.8 stimulations required. Conclusions: ZNS exhibited modest therapeutic and prophylactic effects, whereas AZM showed mainly prophylactic effects. Hypotheses are presented that may explain the mechanisms of action of these drugs.

The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 298-12-4 is helpful to your research. Recommanded Product: 2-Oxoacetic acid.

Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

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Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 298-12-4. Recommanded Product: 2-Oxoacetic acid.

Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

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Benzisoxazole: a privileged scaffold for medicinal chemistry

The benzisoxazole analogs represent one of the privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and there has been an increasing number of studies on benzisoxazole-containing compounds. The unique benzisoxazole scaffold also exhibits an impressive potential as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycation agents and so on. This review examines the state of the art in medicinal chemistry as it relates to the comprehensive and general summary of the different benzisoxazole analogs, their use as starting building blocks of multifarious architectures on scales sufficient to drive human drug trials. The number of reports describing benzisoxazole-containing highly active compounds leads to the expectation that this scaffold will further emerge as a potential candidate in the field of drug discovery.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical Research Letters, May 2021. In classical electrochemical theory, both the electron transfer rate and the adsorption of reactants at the electrode control the electrochemical reaction. In an article, author is Prasad, S. B. Benaka, once mentioned the application of 298-12-4, Name is 2-Oxoacetic acid, molecular formula is C2H2O3, molecular weight is 74.0355, MDL number is MFCD00006958, category is benzisoxazole. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category, Recommanded Product: 298-12-4.

Synthesis of novel 6-fluoro-3-(4-piperidinyl)-1,2-benzisoxazole derivatives as antiproliferative agents: A structure-activity relationship study

A series of novel 6-fluoro-3-(4-piperidinyl)-1,2-benzisoxazole derivatives 5(a-m) were synthesized with different substituted aromatic/heterocyclic acid chlorides (R-CO-Cl) and characterized by H-1 NMR, LC/MS, FTIR and elemental analyses. All the compounds synthesised were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The antiproliferative effects of the synthesised compounds were tested against viable human skin fibroblast cells and carcinoma cells namely HeLa cells, HT-29 cells, MCF-7 cells, HepG-2 cells by adopting positive and negative control. The importance of the aromatic and heterocyclic moiety was confirmed. From the SAR studies, it reveals that, the substitution at N-terminal of 6-fluoro-3-(4-piperidinyl)-1,2-benzisoxazole by the heterocyclic ring plays a dominant role and was responsible for the antiproliferative activity. Among the synthesized compounds 5a, 5d and 5k have showed potent antiproliferative activity on all the carcinoma cells tested.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Modeling chemical reactions helps engineers virtually understand the chemistry, optimal size and design of the system, and how it interacts with other physics that may come into play. 298-12-4, Name is 2-Oxoacetic acid, SMILES is OC(=O)C=O, in an article , author is Hamada, K, once mentioned of 298-12-4, Recommanded Product: 298-12-4.

Contrasting effects of zonisamide and acetazolamide on amygdaloid kindling in rats

Purpose: Zonisamide (ZNS) and acetazolamide (AZM) are two antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) that differ in clinical efficacy. To elucidate the mechanisms of action of these compounds, we investigated their therapeutic and prophylactic effects in rats by using a kindling model of partial epilepsy. Methods: Electrodes were implanted into the left amygdala of adult male Wistar rats. The animals were stimulated at the afterdischarge threshold until Five stage 5 seizures were induced. The generalized seizure threshold was then determined. Therapeutic effects were examined in rats manifesting successive convulsions with near-threshold stimulation. To test prophylactic effects, drugs were administered intraperitoneally before daily kindling stimulation until the animal had a stage 5 seizure or reached day 18. Results: ZNS (10-40 mg/kg; n = 6) suppressed kindled seizures in a dose-dependent manner. Repeated administration for 7 days produced tolerance to anticonvulsive effects. AZM (25-200 mg/kg; n = 7) showed limited therapeutic effect, alleviating only the clonic convulsion in stage 5 seizures and reducing afterdischarge duration. Secondary generalization was not significantly suppressed during repeated treatment (50-200 mg/kg; n = 6). ZNS, 25 or 40 mg/kg (n = 8), significantly retarded seizure development; 15.0 or 17.0 daily stimulations were required to produce a stage 5 seizure. AZM, 50-200 mg/ kg (n = 6), also retarded seizure development, with 14.0-14.8 stimulations required. Conclusions: ZNS exhibited modest therapeutic and prophylactic effects, whereas AZM showed mainly prophylactic effects. Hypotheses are presented that may explain the mechanisms of action of these drugs.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Academic researchers, R&D teams, teachers, students, policy makers and the media all rely on us to share knowledge that is reliable, accurate and cutting-edge. 298-12-4, Name is 2-Oxoacetic acid, formurla is C2H2O3. In a document, author is Jadhav, VK, introducing its new discovery. Computed Properties of https://www.ambeed.com/products/298-12-4.html.

An efficient and convenient methodology has been developed for the conversion of 2-hydroxy phenyl ketoxime to 1,2-benzisoxazole 2-oxide with sodium perborate (SPB) in glacial acetic acid under mild reaction conditions. Interestingly when the reaction was carried out under reflux condition deoximation was observed in quantitative yield.

The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 298-12-4 is helpful to your research. Computed Properties of https://www.ambeed.com/products/298-12-4.html.

Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

While the job of a research scientist varies, most chemistry careers in research are based in laboratories, where research is conducted by teams following scientific methods and standards.298-12-4, Name is 2-Oxoacetic acid, SMILES is OC(=O)C=O, in an article , author is ZIPSE, H, once mentioned of 298-12-4, Application In Synthesis of 2-Oxoacetic acid.

The decarboxylation of benzisoxazole-3-carboxylate has been investigated in detail by ab initio molecular orbital calculations. The effects of solvent on transition state geometries have been investigated by inclusion of one or two water molecules in the ab initio calculations. The decarboxylation and ring opening steps are found to be concerted. Kinetic isotope effects have been calculated for the carboxylate-C-13-labeled compound for various transition state geometries. Satisfactory agreement has been found between the experimental values for the reaction in water and ab initio HF/6-31G* calculated values for systems including four hydrogen bonds to the carboxylate group. The variations in free energies of solvation along the reaction path in five different solvents (water, methanol, chloroform, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran) have been calculated with Monte-Carlo free energy perturbation calculations. Solvent effects are generally overestimated, but the experimental trends have been reproduced for four of the five solvents, The effects of ion pairing have been tested by inclusion of a tetramethylguanidinium cation into the Monte-Carlo simulations for acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran. With inclusion of ion pairing, the relative rates of THF and acetonitrile are reproduced much better, but solvent effects are underestimated relative to the reaction in water.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Having gained chemical understanding at molecular level, chemistry graduates may choose to apply this knowledge in almost unlimited ways, as it can be used to analyze all matter and therefore our entire environment, Computed Properties of https://www.ambeed.com/products/298-12-4.html.

The reductive metabolism of a series of 3-(indol-1-yl)-1,2-benzisoxazoles was examined in vitro using rat liver microsomes. 3-(Indol-1-yl)-1,2-benzisoxazole was reduced to the corresponding amidine (resulting from N-O bond cleavage) under anaerobic conditions. The reaction required viable microsomes and NADPH and was inhibited by carbon monoxide, air, and ketoconazole, suggesting the involvement of cytochrome P450 enzymes. The amidine was subsequently nonenzymatically hydrolyzed to 1-salicylindole, which in turn was hydrolyzed to indole. Addition of electron-withdrawing substituents (Cl-, MeSO2-) at the 6-position of the benzisoxazole ring resulted in a significant increase in the rate of substrate reduction. Introduction of electron-withdrawing substituents on the indole ring likewise increased the rate of substrate consumption but caused a substituent-dependent shift of the site of bond cleavage from the 1,2-isoxazole N-O bond to the C-N bond linking the 1,2-benzisoxazole to the indole moiety. In the case of 3-(2-chloro-3-methanesulfoxylindol-1-yl)-1,2-benzisoxazole, C-N bond cleavage was nearly quantitative, and products resulting from N-O bond reduction were not observed. The overall rates of 3-(indol-1-yl)-1,2-benzisoxazoles reduction were found to be substrate concentration-dependent and observed Michaelis-Menten-type behavior. The apparent V-max of substrate reduction by rat liver microsomes correlated negatively with the free energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (E-LUMO) calculated semiempirically using a parameterized model 3 (PM3), and suggested that the initial electron transfer was rate-determining and that the E-LUMO could be used as an indication of the susceptibility of 1,2-isoxazoles to undergo reductive metabolism.

Sometimes chemists are able to propose two or more mechanisms that are consistent with the available data. If a proposed mechanism predicts the wrong experimental rate law, however, the mechanism must be incorrect.Welcome to check out more blogs about 298-12-4, in my other articles. Computed Properties of https://www.ambeed.com/products/298-12-4.html.

Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In chemical reaction engineering, simulations are useful for investigating and optimizing a particular reaction process or system., Formula: https://www.ambeed.com/products/298-12-4.html, Introducing a new discovery about 298-12-4, Name is 2-Oxoacetic acid, molecular formula is C2H2O3, belongs to benzisoxazole compound. In a document, author is STIFF, DD.

1. The metabolism of zonisamide in vitro was characterized through aerobic and anaerobic incubations with rat liver subcellular fractions and cultured gastrointestinal microflora. 2. Zonisamide reacted with rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 and exhibited a Type I binding spectrum. 3. Metabolism of zonisamide in vitro by hepatic subcellular fractions and cultured gastrointestinal flora produced a single metabolite, 2-(sulphamoylacetyl)-phenol (2-SMAP), by reductive cleavage of the 1,2-benzisoxazole ring. 4. The reductive metabolism of zonisamide was primarily mediated by microsomal cytochrome P-450. The soluble fraction enhanced reduction when combined with the microsomal fraction but itself possessed only weak reductive activity. 5. Reduction of zonisamide by the most enzymically active liver fractions required NADPH, was stimulated by FMN and SKF-525A, and was inhibited by CO or air, as well as by n-octylamine. 6. Unlike their involvement in the reduction of numerous nitro, azo, and N-oxide compounds, cultured aerobic and anaerobic intestinal flora were not principally involved in the reduction of zonisamide.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

New discoveries in chemical research and development in 2021.Electric Literature of 298-12-4, The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. 298-12-4, Name is 2-Oxoacetic acid, molecular formula is C2H2O3. In an article, author is WEPPLO, P,once mentioned of 298-12-4.

A series of benzisoxazole glycolate and acetate ester diphenyl ethers were prepared. The preparation of intermediate 5-hydroxybenzisoxazoleacetic acid from 4,6-dihydroxycoumarin was improved by reaction in the presence of excess hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The resultant diphenyl ether herbicides were potent total vegetation control pre- and postemergence herbicides.

But sometimes, even after several years of basic chemistry education, it is not easy to form a clear picture on how they govern reactivity! 298-12-4, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Electric Literature of 298-12-4.

Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics